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In recent years, there has been an increasing tendency towards the natural dyes due to the increasing awareness of toxicity and serious health hazards of synthetic dyes. Natural dyes find use in the colouring of textiles, drugs, cosmetics, etc.., owing to their non- toxic effects; they are also used for colouring various food products. The present paper is based on extensive survey. Collection of ethanobotanical information and Biodiversity of Natural dye yielding plants in Thanjavur district. It has also been known that the natural dyes are not harmful and eco – friendly. The study report 30 dye yielding plant species belong to 21 families. Along with their botanical name, common name, family, general description, season of flowering & fruiting, traditional uses, plant parts used, colour and application of dye used are mentioned this paper. Apart from, medicinal uses, it also describes preparation of dyeing stuff. Use mordant and specific dye utilization to serve various purposes, including several of the new dye resources. The use of Natural dye has diminished over generations due to dearth of documentation and in old civilization the ayurvedic medicine says natural dyes contain plenty of medicinal properties. Keeping these points in view the present study will be carried out to the biodiversity and selected dye yielding plant were applied in cotton cloth. These studies revealed that these economically important dye- yielding plants need to be conserved.

Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. [Family Euphorbiaceae] commonly known as ‘Chinnichedi’ and ‘Birch-leaved.A. fruticosa is a strong smelling bushy shrub traditionally used to treat dyspepsia, stomachache, skin diseases, wounds and poisonous bites. In the present study, the phytochemicals of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Acalypha fruticosa were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The phytochemicals of the ethanol and aqueous leaf extract of Acalypha fruticosa reaveled that the presence of triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycoside and coumarins respectively. Quantitative estimation of phytoconstituents in the powdered samples of Acalypha fruticosa showed that flavonoids were present in high amount when compared to alkaloids, tannins, phenols and saponins. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanol leaves extractof Acalypha fruticosa using the standard disc diffusion method against three pathogens. Among the three organisms, Staphyloccocus aureus showed maximum zone of inhibition followed by E. coli and Candida albicans respectively.

Indigofera linnaei, Ali, belongs to the family Fabaceae, is a medicinal plant growing wild in tropical countries.In the present investigation, the aerial leaf sections of Indigofera linnaei were examined for Triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides and coumarins were found in the ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Indigofera linnaei. The quantitative estimation of phytoconstituents in the powdered samples of Indigofera linnaei revealed that flavonoids were found in significant quantities when compared to alkaloids, tannins, phenols, and saponins. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract using the standard disc diffusion method against three organisms. The antibacterial activities of the ethanolic extracts were compared favorably with that standard bacterial antibiotic (Chloramphenicol) and fungal antibiotic (Fluconazole). The Ethanolic extract of leaf showed a maximum zone of inhibition in Escherichia coli(7.65±0.53) againstStaphylococcus aureus(4.71±0.32)andCandida albicans (5.12±0.35).