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In many newborn infants, neutropaenia is a self-resolving condition. Nevertheless, it is thought that in premature infants, neutrophil formation and function are a little different. Since neutrophils play a crucial role in innate immunity, neonatal neutropenia in premature infants needs to be quickly identified and treated according to the risk factors, especially those of clinical infections. Numerous factors, including maternal and prenatal conditions, congenital syndromes, immune-mediated processes, nosocomial infections, and idiopathic conditions, can contribute to neutropenia in premature infants. However, not all premature infant neutropaenia is clinically significant and frequently does not increase the risk of infection. In this review article, we\\\'ll talk about the birth of neutrophils, neonatal neutropenia causes, how premature infants and neutropenia are related, and some effective ways to treat the condition.