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Introduction: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) is the most common bacterial infection and frequently recurring problem among diabetic patients. The approach to these infections remains a difficult and sometimes controversial issue, especially in asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of Asymptomatic Bacteruria (ASB) in diabetic patients considering age, duration, and changing pattern of uropathogens. Study Design: Random Sampling of urine was done to observe the prevalence of ASB in diabetic women. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to each patient to obtain their demographic data, diabetic history, associated medical/surgical conditions and detailed urinary symptoms. Place and Duration of Study: Study was done in the Central Zone of India (Madhya Pradesh) in Jabalpur City. Urine samples were collected between Dec 2016 to April 2017 from CHL Apollo Hospital and Marble City Hospital, Jabalpur. Methods: Urine cultures and urine analysis were performed on 402 urine specimens collected from diabetic patients in morning (1st voided urine) after overnight fasting. Quantitative bacteriologic cultures, identification of isolates were performed by standard methods. Results: Out of 330 female patients 121 were found positive for ASB while out of 72 male patients 21 were found positive. From the total number 402 diabetic patients, 142 had positive urine cultures, meaning 35.32%. The most common bacteria involved in ASB were Escherichia coli (68.9%) and other causative agent being Candida spp. with prevalence of 14.08%. Conclusion: The incidence of ASB is high in diabetic women than men and was influenced by the patient’s age, sex and duration of diabetes. The great proportion and long term persistence of ASB can cause further complications therefore; urine culture should be performed in all patients with diabetes.

Honey has been used in ancient times in management of various health conditions and has equally been rediscovered in recent times in wound treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial potency of Honey on wound pathogens. The experimented honey was obtained from Eha-Alumona in Nsukka L.G.A and was tested for quality using the thumb test, water test and heat test. The physicochemical properties of the honey was analysed at National soil, plant, fertilizer and water laboratory in Umuahia where various methods such as spectronic method, automatic smart 3 colorimetric method and gravimetric oven drying method were used to obtain the values. Different concentration of honey 25-100% v/v were tested against each type of clinical isolates obtained from wound infection. A total of 80 bacterial isolates were collected from Federal Medical Centre Owerri among 100 subjects with a slant bottle. An antibiotic sensitivity test was done to all types of honey concentration using Agar Well diffusion method while minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined for the most potent honey concentration by the broth dilution technique. All statistical analysis was performed using (ANOVA). The wound pathogens showed certain degrees of susceptibility to honey but the level of susceptibility is dependent on honey concentration and the bacteria in question. Among the three studies wound pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive to honey at a zone diameter of 22.17mm. The MIC of honey on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 25%, 75% and 50% respectively while their MBC is 50%, 100% and 75% respectively. The experimented honey has both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity, although result obtained from Ciprofloxacin used as control showed higher level of susceptibility on the tested bacteria than honey. Therefore, honey cannot be used to replace conventional antibiotics in tackling the problem of resistant bacteria pathogens, but should be used in line with conventional antibiotics as a suppository application.

Water from locally dug wells represent the major source of water supply for domestic purposes in most rural and sub-urban communities in Nigeria. Well water is prone to contamination from human and animal activities and from the environment with microorganisms that may include pathogens associated with water-borne illnesses or possess the potential to initiate diseases of opportunities. This study aimed to determine the bacteriological class of well water available for domestic use in Owo Metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria. Well water samples collected, analyzed by the double-strength and single-strength McConkey broth for the most probable number, MPN of coliform bacteria, and their varieties from subcultures. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, ESBL were also determined. The MPN in all the samples were several folds higher (15-1800+ MPN/100 mL) than recommended upper limits. Klebsiella species was the most dominant microorganism 46(50%) of 92 isolates. Other isolates included Enterobacter species (25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.0%), Proteus mirabilis (8.7%) and Serratiamarcescens (4.4%) was the least recovered microorganism. Production of ESBL was highest amongst Klebsiella species (19.7%), Enterobacter species (16.0%), Proteus mirabilis (12.5%)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%) and Serratiamarcescens tested negative. The sampled wells were profoundly polluted with microorganisms that carry resistance enzymes incriminated in most nosocomial infections thus, demanding concrete intervention strategiesto circumventmajor water-borne disease outbreaks.